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How to read a contract's insurance requirements

The two pages that decide what your policy has to look like for the next year.

The insurance article of a contract is usually two pages that nobody reads until something goes wrong. It is worth twenty minutes, because it is the only part of the agreement that tells you what you have to buy. Read in order, it asks six questions. Here is what each one means, what it typically costs you, and which answers are negotiable.

Written by the OneTrust team · Last reviewed 27 August 2026

The short version

  • Read it before you sign. Requirements are negotiable during bidding and endorsements are not retroactive.
  • Six things to find: limits, additional insured, primary and non-contributory, waiver of subrogation, notice of cancellation, and the indemnity clause.
  • The indemnity clause and the insurance requirements are separate machines. A promise your policy will not back is a promise you fund personally.
  • Boilerplate is common. A $5,000,000 requirement on a $40,000 job is usually a template nobody calibrated, and it is usually negotiable if you ask early.

1. Limits — and whether they are per project

Find the required limits for general liability, auto, workers' compensation, and umbrella or excess. Then look for two words that change the price: per project.

A standard CGL general aggregate applies across everything you do in the policy year. Once it is exhausted, it is gone for every job. A per-project aggregate endorsement gives each project its own aggregate. Contracts frequently require one, and it is a real coverage improvement rather than paperwork — but it is an endorsement, it costs money, and it is not on most policies by default.

Also check whether the umbrella requirement can actually be met by your umbrella. See the umbrella gap if primary and non-contributory is also required at those limits.

2. Additional insured — and for which operations

Look for the words ongoing and completed operations. If both appear, you need endorsements covering both; CG 20 10 on its own does not do it. If the contract names specific forms and editions, check them against what is actually attached to your policy rather than assuming.

Watch for requirements to cover parties you have no contract with — the owner, the construction manager, the lender. That is a real and reasonable ask on construction jobs, and it is what the CG 20 38 form exists to handle. The full comparison of the forms is here.

3. Primary and non-contributory

Usually one sentence. It requires that your coverage respond first and that your carrier not seek contribution from theirs. The endorsement that provides it, CG 20 01, only applies where you agreed in writing that your insurance would be primary and non-contributory — so this sentence in the contract is doing more than describing a preference. It is triggering the endorsement. More detail here.

4. Waiver of subrogation — on which lines

Check which policies it applies to. General liability alone is common; general liability plus workers' compensation is more common; property and auto sometimes appear too.

The workers' compensation waiver is the one to confirm actually exists, because comp is the line most likely to generate a recovery action against the general contractor, and because the standard endorsement only benefits parties named in its schedule. What each form does, and what it costs.

5. Notice of cancellation

If it says the carrier will give the certificate holder 30 days' notice, expect friction. Most carriers will not take that obligation on. It is often negotiable to a commitment that you will give notice, which you can honour, or to a scheduled notice-to-third-party endorsement where the carrier offers one.

Flag it early. It is a slow thing to resolve and it holds up certificates.

6. The indemnity clause — read separately

This is not an insurance requirement, and treating it as one is the most expensive mistake in the article. Indemnity is a promise you make. Insurance is what stands behind some of that promise. Where the promise is broader than the policy, the difference comes out of your own pocket.

Both Carolinas limit how far the promise can go, and both leave insurance alone:

  • North Carolina, N.C.G.S. § 22B-1 voids a construction contract provision requiring you to indemnify another party against liability for injury or property damage proximately caused by that party's own negligence. Subsection (e): the section “shall not affect an insurance contract, workers' compensation, or any other agreement issued by an insurer.”
  • South Carolina, S.C. Code § 32-2-10 makes a promise to indemnify another against liability arising from that party's sole negligence unenforceable as against public policy, and likewise “shall not affect any insurance contract or workers' compensation agreements.”

So an unenforceable indemnity clause does not take the additional insured requirement down with it. They are independent, which is why well-drafted contracts require both. It also means a clause that looks void may still be doing work through the insurance requirements sitting next to it.

We are insurance agents, not lawyers, and an indemnity provision on a contract of any size deserves a lawyer's eye. What we can tell you precisely is which parts of it your policy will and will not respond to — which is usually the question you actually needed answered.

What good looks like

A contractor who has this under control does four things:

  1. Sends the insurance article to their agent during bidding, not after signing.
  2. Knows their own limits, aggregate structure, and which endorsements are already blanket on their policy — so most contracts can be answered in minutes.
  3. Prices the endorsements a job actually requires into the bid rather than absorbing them.
  4. Keeps a copy of the executed contract with the certificate, because the written agreement is what several of these endorsements depend on.

The reading is the cheap part. Send us the requirements page and we will mark up what your policy already does, what it does not, and what the gap costs to close. That is included in how we handle an account — it is not a separate service, and it is worth considerably more than the certificate it produces.

Frequently asked questions

What should I look for in a contract's insurance requirements?
Six things: the required limits and whether a per-project aggregate is demanded; additional insured status and whether it covers ongoing operations, completed operations, or both; primary and non-contributory wording; waiver of subrogation and which policies it applies to; notice of cancellation; and the indemnity clause, which is a separate mechanism from the insurance.
Is the indemnity clause the same as the insurance requirements?
No. Indemnity is a promise you make personally. Insurance is what stands behind part of that promise. Where the indemnity is broader than your policy will respond to, the difference is yours to fund. They should be read separately, and an indemnity provision on a substantial contract deserves review by a lawyer.
Can I negotiate insurance requirements in a contract?
Often, yes — especially where the requirement is boilerplate that was not calibrated to the size of the job, or where it asks for something no carrier will provide. The time to do it is during bidding. Once the contract is signed, the requirement is a term of the agreement and endorsements cannot be applied retroactively.
What is a per-project aggregate and why does my contract require one?
A standard general liability general aggregate applies across everything you do in the policy year, so a bad claim on one job can exhaust the limit available to every other job. A per-project aggregate endorsement gives each project its own aggregate. It is a genuine coverage improvement, it is an endorsement rather than a default, and it costs money.
Will OneTrust review my contract's insurance requirements?
Yes, and it is part of how we handle an account rather than a separate engagement. Send the insurance article and we will tell you what your policy already does, what it does not, and what closing the gap would cost. We are insurance agents rather than lawyers, so we speak to the coverage questions and recommend counsel for the legal ones.

This page explains how these endorsements and contract terms generally work. It is not a coverage opinion. What your policy actually covers is decided by the policy language, the endorsement editions actually attached, and the contract you signed — all of which we are happy to read. Send us the requirements or call (704) 461-3020.

Send us your requirements Call (704) 461-3020